Depictions of the Afterlife - 1060 Words

The afterlife as a residence for souls after death has long been a topic of discussion and debate. This idea intrigues many. As Christians we believe that heaven is a place where believers go where life there will be a continuation of their present life, while hell is a place of judgment and punishment where many experience severe treatment. Direct experience is the only way individuals can experience these concepts, but once we obtain the experience it cannot be shared. This ultimately makes us want to know more leading many to visualize the afterlife. Starting with the earliest Greek Epics, such as The Iliad, society has imagined an Underworld, a place beneath the Earth where souls go once the body dies. Our thoughts and expectations about such an idea have changed over time; the idea of the Underworld continues in many Greek and Latin poems and it still used today (Spiegel). The best descriptions of the afterlife are found in Dante’s Divine Comedy. In his first book, The In ferno, Dante explores Hell, a place in which sinners dwell after they die. His account is mainly taken from Book VI of Virgil’s The Aeneid, which describes Aeneas’s journey into the Underworld to visit his father. These two works, written many years apart share similar ideas about life after death and it makes us consider the changes in society’s thoughts over these times. There are obvious differences found between these two stories and they correlate with the different beliefs society has about theShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Etruscan And Roman Art1357 Words   |  6 Pagesmore retrospective memorialization through the depiction of the couple in a state of regularity the Roman Mummy of Artemidorus presents a more prospective approach concerning the deceased through the emphasis of funerary practices. The Sarcophagus with reclining couple from the Banditaccia necropolis, Cerveteri, Italy, ca. 520 BCE portrays the subjects in their ideal state of life. It functions as a prime example of the extravagant Etruscan depiction of death and the deceased. The man and woman memorializedRead MoreThe Growth Of The Mystery Cult Of Mithraism1664 Words   |  7 Pageslifestyle of a person determined whether a person would be a reward or punished in the afterlife. A reward is happiness and peace and being able to ascend to the stars while a punishment is being tortured somewhere underground. It is hard to understand why Mithraism became popular in Ancient Rome or is there is any actual textual evidence that can link the religion origin. All the information gather is derived from depiction on monuments and the limited mentions of the cult in literary sources. We see mentionRead MoreSum : Forty Tales From The Afterlives By David Eagleman784 Words   |  4 PagesThe characters are, in nearly every chapter, God and the humans. The author’s forty theories about the afterlife point to a bigger picture of the human condition, and raise contemplation about the way the reader lives. The first chapter jumps right into the theme of the book: â€Å"In the afterlife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This hook is so straight forward and matter-of-fact, the reader is intrigued to read about this afterlife the narrator is so sure about. This is the pattern in every story throughout the book, making the workRead MoreDeath, Morality, And The Afterlife919 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea the death, morality, and the afterlife have gradually changed through history. Death has an unavoidable and unpredictable nature. The conceptualization of death and what happens to a person when they die is perplexing to understand. Humans tend to fear the things in which they cannot begin to explain. No one person exactly knows for sure what to expect once they leave this world. So, we have established religion and science in an attempt to allow us to wrap our heads around this idea. EventuallyRead MoreEssay on The Link Between Hamlet and Renaissance Ideals1308 Words   |  6 Pages He does this for examp le in his play Hamlet (Oakes 68). Hamlet displays the ideals of the Renaissance through his indecisiveness and uncertainty much like the Catholics who questioned their religious beliefs. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a true depiction of the indistinctiveness of beliefs after the Reformation. After the murder of his father, King Hamlet, Prince Hamlet sees his father’s ghost. His father’s ghost tells Hamlet he must avenge his death (Fiero 27). He also reveals to Hamlet thatRead MoreGreek Material Culture1348 Words   |  6 Pagesgives us evidence that the ancient Greek society believed in an afterlife. This is because the Grecians appeared to have left these items with the deceased apparently for their soul to take with and use them in the afterlife. The tomb, â€Å"Treasury of Atreus†, in Mycenae is an example of a tomb that housed a corpse that was believed to be a ruler buried along with large amounts of jewels and treasures intended for use in the afterlife. In addition to the ancient Greek architecture revealing detailsRead MoreReligion And Its Effects On Society1584 Words   |  7 Pagesdeath rears its ugly head, so is it possible that a religious afterlife after death is a man-made? A multitude of religions believe in an afterlife in which all those who plead for acceptance and forgiveness will be granted an afterlife with only pleasant things. Some differentiate from this belief, such as Buddhism, but an afterlife is guaranteed regardless. According to popular religions, only our conscience and souls enter the afterlife, leaving our bodies behind in order to further our journeysRead MoreBruial of the Dead1275 Words   |  6 Pagesonly thing in life that is one-hundred percent certain is death. Humans go through life ignoring this ultimate fate until the day they are confronted. What a civilization does with their deceased tells a lot about their culture and beliefs in an afterlife. Whether a person is cremated or the body is preserved, whether they are buried in the ground or placed in a tomb, and how their final place is decorated all show their cultures values and beliefs and what kind of person they were. At the Getty VillaRead MoreAncient Egyptian Civili zation : Ancient Civilization930 Words   |  4 Pagesfollowed and the right gods were supplicated, all Egyptians, from the wealthy to the poor, could look forward to completing their earthly life. Thus, they could successfully navigating the dangerous underworld and traverse into the blessed, eternal afterlife. Egyptian tombs were like secret art galleries that were never meant to be seen by human eyes. Instead, these amazing examples of artistic craftsmanship spoke only to an elite group of visitors – the gods . Painted on the wall of a tomb belongingRead MoreEgypts Greatest Art1676 Words   |  7 Pagesrealistic, the king’s feet are far too large and his head too small in proportion to his body. These statues held such high importance because they were believed to hold divine power and acted as a place for the king’s â€Å"ka†, or spirit, during the afterlife. Although these statues mainly represented the king after death, during this period sculpture begin to represent the king during life as well. These statues were displayed in temples and served as monuments to attest to the king’s dominance. Both

Essay on The Main Obstacles to Peace - 2660 Words

The Main Obstacles to Peace There has been violence in the Middle East for the past 60 years, and there still seems to be no hope of a compromise between the Palestinians and the Israelis. In order for a peace settlement to work, both sides must agree to it, and must overcome the four main barriers which stand in the way. They must reach a compromise over the city of Jerusalem, showing it should be controlled by both peoples because of the joint history between them, the attitudes and expectations should try to be fulfilled, which would destroy the extremist movements on both sides of the conflict, but more importantly, it has to see a solution for the refugee crisis in this area of the world,†¦show more content†¦The Jews recently have begun settlement building in the West Bank, encouraged by Ariel Sharon, (he was the housing minister in the 1970s but now the Prime Minister). Today around 400,000 Israelis live illegally on the Palestinian lands, despite Resolution 242 passed 30 years ago making the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza strip illegal. This is why most terrorism happens in these areas, in order to scare the Israelis into defeat. A Recent example of this was in October 2003 when the Israelis launched a tender for the construction of 550 new homes in the Jewish section of the West Bank- there was much protest from the moderate Palestinians but very soon there was a huge increase in the violence on the West Bank. Therefore, since any compromise involves one side giving up or not getting enough of the land they both see as rightfully belonging entirely to them, any peace deal will inevitably leave both the Israelis and the Palestinians unhappy. The Second barriers to peace are the extremists on both sides in this conflict. These people want 100% of the land and wouldnt be happy with anything less than the whole of Palestine to themselves. Both the Palestinian and Israeli Prime Ministers have hoped that with this new Road Map to Peace would satisfy theShow MoreRelatedWill We Ever Be At Peace?1370 Words   |  6 PagesWill We Ever Be At Peace? (A discussion on self-discipline through the work of The Bhagavad Gita) Run here, do this, go there, do that. People are constantly on the move. From the time our alarm clock goes off in the morning to when we crawl into bed at night, we are always moving about and doing something. With so much going on in the lives of people, is there really any way for someone to find complete peace in the world? Conferring with some people, peace can be attained through severalRead MoreThe Maginot Line During The Period Between World War II Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pagesand informative chronological outline of the creation on the Maginot Line, as well as the residual effects of it and its outcome on international affairs. The Maginot Line was named after the French Minister of War Andrà © Maginot. It was a line of obstacles, concrete fortifications, and weapon installations that France constructed on the French side of its borders with Germany, Switzerland, and Luxembourg during the 1930s. France had suffered damage to both men and building structures in WorldRead MoreHappy New Years Eve Everyone !1292 Words   |  6 Pagesto my life experiences now. This story allows me think about how I will approach things, going into the New Year. How I will approach conflict, how I will approach drama, how I approach negativity. When thinking about those things, it gave me three main points on how I can better myself, but also better the core of my heart. 1. Don’t treat people how they treat you. ï‚ § Going into 2016, this being one of the most important things you need to remember to grasp onto. This was one of the biggest lessonsRead More##dike, Sylvia Plath And Alice Walkers A P726 Words   |  3 Pagesliterary works. Although they may seem different, they all have a hero trying to settle a conflict in order to reach their main goal. In each of these stories, we are able to see a change in character by the protagonist. Authors such as Updike, Plath, and Walker, use literary devices such as imagery, setting, and allusion in their stories to show a journey that a their main character is taking. The hero of the story surpases a series of trials and gains determination that leads him to a change inRead MoreThe Main Obstacle Preventing Blacks From Achieving Equality Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesHistory Essay Two. To what extent can it be argued that De Jure (legal) segregation was the main obstacle preventing blacks from achieving equality in the 1920s – 1930s? Black Americans faced a number of obstacles, widespread and entrenched WASP racism, Existence of white supremacist organisations such as the KKK, De Jure (legal segregation) Lack of political influence, and Disunity amongst the campaign groups, campaigning for black Americans civil right. America, unlike the UK, has a written constitutionRead MoreA Dog s Head By Jean Dutourd1454 Words   |  6 PagesHobbit by J.R.R. Tolkein, the main character Bilbo embarks on an adventure which expands his identity and knowledge in terms of what form of identity fits him best, either Took or Baggins. In the novel A Dog’s Head by Jean Dutourd, the main character Edmond, who has a body of a human and the head of a dog, goes through a constant struggle of whether to identify with the animal or human society. Identity is a central theme to fantasy because it is about overcoming obstacles, and to solidify who a characterRead MoreThree Elements Of The Heros Journey In Beowulf994 Words   |  4 Pagesjourney. However, Beowulf faces no obstacles when it comes to sailing off to defeat the monster, his own elders proclaiming that â€Å"The omens were good/And they urged the adventure on.† (Beowulf 140-141) Before the hero can reach the stage in which they fight for the â€Å"elixir†, which is described as the outcome or end goal of their journey, they must first face a series of trials and obstacles, often to prove themselves worthy. Beowulf himself faces two main obstacles or battles that are considered â€Å"tests†Read MoreAn Analysis of Proverbs 18:14 Essay566 Words   |  3 Pageschildren. Proverbs was written around 900 B.C. during his reign as king in Israel. Proverbs is divided into nine sections and this chapter is part of the third section as the main collection of Solomon’s Proverbs according to Biblestudytool.com. The wisdom genre for this specific verse is self improvement or self focus. The main concept of this verse is the spirit of a man and the strength of the spirit. The word spirit in Hebrew is ruwach and it is used twice in this verse. According to Barnes’ NotesRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Syrian Conflict1506 Words   |  7 PagesDarfur and Syria, become more complex, entrenched and widespread; conflict actors multiply, grievances become further aggravated, more territory is engulfed in violence and the means of aggression become more brutal. The failure of a ceasefire sets a peace process back tremendously and often gives rise to further bloodshed. Successive failures, particularly in situations of acute power imbalances and deeply held perceptions of injustice, often contribute to a conflict becoming protracted and intractableRead MoreEssay On Malala Yousafzai904 Words   |  4 Pages2017) Challenges she faced: Malala has to face my obstacles such as Malala want women to educate but Taliban was opposing the womens right to education and due to this conflict with the Taliban, she has to face the bullet and had to fight for her life as well. She also has to face many other people in her home country who were opposing her by saying that women are not equal to men in the Islamic tradition (Conflict/ Problem faced by the Main Character, 2017). She also has to fight for her life

Mental Health Concerns in an Old Adult

Question: Write an essay on "Mental health concerns in an old adult". Answer: Introduction Cognitive abilities are the skills we use to do our daily tasks, be it simple or complex. With age this ability deteriorates. Cognitive changes or impairment was once considered an inevitable part of aging. But in severe conditions it can lead to an abnormal state, dementia. There is evidence that cognitive impairment is associated with poor social and work outcomes, and an early treatment has potential to change functional outcomes of illness. Older adults are always at a risk of cognitive changes which demands a prompt action so that their quality of life can be made better (Tatari et al, 2011). About 20.5 percent old adults experience mental health concerns but only two of three get proper treatment. Dementia is the most common such condition and about 5 million old adults (65 and older) suffer from Alzheimer. Nevertheless many other symptoms like depression and anxiety go unnoticed in old patients. The older adult, whose age is 65+ suffers from fatigue and has lost interest in recreational activities. He is mostly sad and in depressive mood, sleeping pattern has also changed. He is confused and has a big time trouble taking decisions. Further he suffers from memory loss or short term memory. These are some of the warning signs which were brought into notice to the healthcare providers by his family. Fortunately there is a test which screens and assesses the mental state of an old adult who reflect any mental health concerns which is called MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination). The old adult has a strong educational background hence this test can be easily performed on him. It consists of 11 questions measure test in which the maximum point is 30. There are some advantages as well as disadvantages of the test. It doesnt require any specialized training or equipment and can be performed very easily as it takes just 10 minutes to examine the patient. It is the most reliable and wi dely used test to rule out mental diseases in older adults. The disadvantage is that this test is considerably affected by the factors like age, education, culture. In severe dementia cases recording changes becomes difficult (Lancu Olmar, 2006). The old adult is hence brought to continue with the test and accordingly consider the goal of treatment for him. This test evaluates five cognitive functional areas: Orientation, Registration, Attention and Calculation, Recall, Language. The procedure to conduct Mini Mental State Examination to assess the five areas on him is as follows: Orientation (score-10): This area of the test assesses the memory of the old adult. Ask the older adult about the date, day, month, year followed by the season. For each correct answer award one point. Then ask him about the country, state, or anything related to the place and give him one point each for the correct answer Registration (score-3): Call name of any three objects slowly. Tell the patient to repeat object names one by one. Give the score depending on the names recalled. Suppose the patient doesnt name all the objects correctly then continue saying the object names until the patient gets it right. Make a note of how many trials patient took to recall the names. Attention and Calculation (score-5): Starting with 100, tell patient to count backward by seven. After patient answers five tell him to stop. Give points depending on the correct answers. Alternatively, the older adult can be asked to spell world backward. Score again depends on the letters spelled correctly (e.g., 5 points for dlrow, 3 points for dlorw). Recall (score-3): Ask patient to recollect the names of the three objects stated above. Note down the scores. Language (9 points): For this show the old adult a pencil and a wrist watch and ask him what he sees. Award one point each for correct naming. After that, give patient just one chance and tell him to repeat this sentence (No ifs, ands, or buts.). Points are given. Give a command in three stages to the patient. In your hand take a paper, fold it, and keep it on the floor. For every command understood correctly give one point each. Write on a paper, Close your eyes. Big enough letters should be there. Ask patient to do what the paper says. Give the score if he does close his eyes. Tell patient to write a sentence on a paper. The sentence must be written promptly and shouldnt be senseless. Grammatical mistakes or incorrect punctuation is negligible. Ask the patient to copy this figure as it is: Interpretation: As a result of the five areas test, the older adult shows cognitive impairment which means according to MMSE data the patient has mental illness. He shows traces of confusion, indecisive patterns. He is not able to think properly and cant pay attention. At the same time older adult shows considerable low memory symptoms and recalling issues. In general, according to MMSE score, 24 or any score greater than that is considered as normal cognition, 9 score or less than that is considered severe, 10 to 18 points is moderate and 19 to 23 is mild cognitive impairment. As per the score, this patient may have some degree of dementia along with other mental diseases as well. Diagnosis of this cognitive impairment in a person indicates significance of the treatment that he should undergo and especially in these severe cases an early intervention is important (Brooker, 2004). This mental illness care treatment highlights three main perspectives i.e., management of challenging behaviors, mainten ance of cognitive functions and reduced emotional disorders. Each and every area has potential to improve the quality of life which in turn also affects those providing care (The royal college of psychiatrists, 2007). The older adult, along with the diagnosed mental illness, also has a history of OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) and bipolar disease. He experience obsessive thoughts which are often sadistic, creates anxiety and uneasiness. For this to counter he gets into compulsive behavior. He may have at times depressive mood and sometimes may feel super energetic. The older adult who demonstrated cognitive impairment from the MMSE data may have delirium as well which is also known as an acute state of confusion and frequently occurs in people with dementia (Gagliardi, 2008). It causes emotional breakdown at times and the patient may have poor memory, trouble sleeping, difficulty recalling or uttering words and severe disorientation. Further the diagnosis depends on symptoms observation e.g., Onset: Delirium starts showing in a short time while dementia begins with small symptoms which slowly worsens. Attention: Being non-attentive in delirium is quite significant while a person with dementia is generally alert during the first stages. Fluctuation: Symptoms of delirium fluctuate throughout the day whereas in dementia thinking skills and memory remains constant throughout the day. MMSE results for patients with delirium are different. It very soon accompanies acute mental illness in the older adult. The decrease of two or more points in MMSE determined the development of delirium (Nayeem et al, 2005). The older adult having delirium may undergo examinations to assess their mental thinking ability, attention etc., which can be done with screening or tests as mentioned above. There can be tests related to neurology (e.g., vision, coordination, balance and many reflexes check) as well as physical exams (urine or blood tests). Many other physical conditions such as pneumonia, asthma can interfere with normal brain functioning. Medications like blood pressure medicines and abusive drugs can further worsen the cognitive abilities. The older adult who is suffering from mental illness according to MMSE data may score low grades because of the delirium condition since low vision may impact the complex commands given. Similarly poor coordination and reflexes can get low scoring in registration, attention and calculation areas of test. The very first goal of treatment in delirium and mental illness is to identify, control or reverse any symptom. The treatment basically depends on the reason causing delirium after which the focus is solely on providing the best environment for the patient to benefit physically and mentally. Stopping unnecessary medication to end confusion can improve cognitive function (The New York times, 2016). Also, patient should be taught to stay away from substances which can worsen confusion e.g., alcohol, drugs, narcotics (such as morphine, codeine), central nervous system depressants. The patients treatment includes component like support therapy and medicinal management. Fluid and nutrients intake should be taken care of as the patient might not be able to maintain a balance. Such older adults if diagnosed at an early stage for any sort of mental illness or chronic disease, they can be benefited with the course of treatment and their quality of life can be made far better. Conclusion Older adults after a certain age are at a risk of developing many physical and mental problems which can affect their cognitive abilities. Many factors like psychological, biological decide the level of mental health of a person. Dementia affects a persons ability of memory and thinking capacity. It states a confused state of a person. According to WHO, around 47.5 million people are affected with dementia worldwide. Early diagnosis is very crucial to set goals of treatment. Both medicinal and psychological intervention is influential to counter this mental health. MMSE test consists of 30 points questions. It is an effective tool to rule out dementia, Alzheimers disease in a patient. It assesses five areas i.e., orientation, registration, attention, and calculation, recall, language. The older adult diagnosed with dementia can have some traces of delirium as well and differentiating them becomes sometimes difficult and necessary. The old adult having mental illness as per the MMSE d ata may have delirium because this state may demonstrate many physical weaknesses adding to low score in the test. Providing social care in long run to the old adults should be a priority and also to provide them mental health education at the same time. References: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician (1975). Journal of psychiatric research, 12(3), 189-198. Brooker, D. (2004). What is person-centered care in dementia?. Reviews in clinical gerontology, (13), 215-22. Gagliardi, J. (2008). Differentiate among delirium and dementia in elderly patients. Journal of ethics, 10(6), 383-388. Lancu, I., Olmar, A. (2006). The mini mental state examination. Harefuah, 145(9), 687-90. Nayeem, K. et al. (2005). Use of serial Mini-Mental State Examinations to diagnose and monitor delirium in elderly hospital patients.J Am Geriatr, (53), 86770. Tatari. et al. (2011). Mini mental state examination in first episode of psychosis. Journal of psychiatry, 6(4), 158-160. The royal college of psychiatrists. (2007). The nice-scie guideline on supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care. The British psychological society, UK.

Speed Limit 65 Essay Research Paper America free essay sample

Speed Limit 65 Essay, Research Paper America # 8217 ; s Need For Speed: Let # 8217 ; s Make It Safe Everyone has been at that place ; you are driving down a four lane interstate main road stat mis from the nearest community, where you could easy cruise at velocities of 75 or even 80 stat mis per hr, which you feel is sensible. But you are unable to make this because the velocity bound is merely 65 or possibly even 55 and you are afraid of having a ticket. The same state of affairs occurs on two-lane semi residential roads where the velocity bound is merely 25 or 35 stat mis per hr. In both state of affairss some drivers agree to obey the velocity bound, while others systematically drive at comfy velocities for them, which normally consequences in traveling 10 to twenty stat mis per hr over the posted velocity bound. Let # 8217 ; s face it, most of us don # 8217 ; t want to be bothered by invariably look intoing and modulating our velocity, and besides by obeying velocity bounds which are unreasonably low when we have topographic points to travel, and need to acquire at that place . We will write a custom essay sample on Speed Limit 65 Essay Research Paper America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The inquiry that needs to be posed is: # 8220 ; How can we decently adjust the velocity bounds? # 8221 ; It should decidedly be a inquiry answered by the single states themselves. The roadways in different provinces are so diverse. Some have stat mis and stat mis of heterosexual and degree stretches, while others have chiefly hilly and blowy roads. Besides the citizens of different provinces have different driving wonts. There are some where drivers merely of course drive really fast. The bing velocity bounds encourage this sort of spread in velocities, which consequences in increased accidents. States should be able to increase their bounds or maintain them the same, or merely change their bounds on some of the roads. This is where the simplest but most superb program comes in. # 8220 ; The bound should be posted at the velocity that 85 per centum of traffic is going, # 8221 ; ( Palmaffy, pg. 11 ) when measured under ideal conditions. Engineers claim that this # 8220 ; eighty f ifth percentile velocity # 8221 ; is the safest velocity at which to go. Peoples who drive at this velocity are the least likely to be in accidents, and those who drive much slower or faster than this are in high hazard of being involved in an accident. By this program the drivers themselves can put the velocity bounds. Speed bounds are either set by the province or federal authorities depending on the roadway. Individual provinces can fundamentally put their ain velocity bounds, but the federal authorities can command these bounds on high-speed freewaies by enforcing a # 8220 ; National Maximum Speed Limit. # 8221 ; It late was set at 55 stat mis per hr. This upper limit is non compulsory for the provinces to post, but whichever provinces would non, had federal main road financess withheld from them. Rush bounds are traffic Torahs placed on drivers for the exclusive intent of safety. Traffic Torahs are created so as to protect drivers and their riders, and all walkers around the roadway. Police officers patrol to publish commendations to the drivers who do non follow these traffic Torahs. The facts are that velocity bounds which most drivers feel are unreasonably slow and, hence normally exceed, are harmful for several grounds. They result in more accidents, less regard for constabulary officers, and a by and large unhappy public. These consequences in turn lead to many other jobs. Large fluctuations in vehicles # 8217 ; velocities pose a great hazard to drivers # 8217 ; and riders # 8217 ; safety, because more accidents are likely to happen. When velocity bounds are posted which most drivers feel are unreasonable they exceed them. But there are ever automobilists who believe that that should obey them, which they do. This consequences in a significant spread in different vehicle # 8217 ; s velocities. # 8220 ; When the velocity bound was 55, driver # 8217 ; s weren # 8217 ; t comfy # 8211 ; some drove at 55, some at 65, and some at 75 or above. There was so much difference that accidents significantly increased. When the bound is raised to it # 8217 ; s proper degree, the grounds shows, these unsafe discrepancies in speed start to disappear. # 8221 ; ( Palmaffy, pg. 11-12 ) Besides, as major interstates with 55 or 65 stat mi per hr velocity bounds begin to be patrolled to a great extent, many automobilists switch onto state roads which will acquire t hem where they are traveling merely as fast, and where there is a minimum sum of constabulary. # 8220 ; This well endangers safety. The human death rate is three times higher when you get off the interstates. # 8221 ; ( Palmaffy, pg.12 ) The facts are that many people ignore speed bound marks. A survey sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration concluded that regardless of whether bounds were raised or lowered, the mean traffic velocity remained the same. Within a three twelvemonth period after the velocity bounds were raised the accident rate really fell. The difference is that when the velocity bound is lowered the drivers know that they are interrupting the jurisprudence by rushing. After the abrogation of the federal upper limit last twelvemonth some provinces have already increased their velocity bounds. Montana has even wholly done away with its daytime velocity bounds, and the marks simply read # 8220 ; sensible and prudent. # 8221 ; Montana province cavalrymans are quoted as stating that accidents haven # 8217 ; t lift since the daytime velocity bound has been abolished. The job is that largely all provinces have non conducted surveies to reason what the 85th percentile of traffic velocity is. With the current bound vehicles are still non going at the safest velocity at which traffic can go. As the velocity bounds get adjusted T o the proper velocities, more traffic will travel back onto the much safer interstates and abandon the state roads and high-velocity two-lane main roads. The fact that drivers jeer at velocity bound Torahs and disregard them consequences in less regard for constabulary officers and established Torahs. Drivers are diffident of how far they can transcend the velocity bound without acquiring a ticket. If the velocity bound is 75, a more sensible velocity, constabulary could state anything over 75 will be a ticket. # 8220 ; For the past five old ages everybody has been traveling 15 to twenty stat mis over the velocity bound, including the constabulary. It # 8217 ; s awfully harmful to hold a jurisprudence and non implement it. # 8221 ; ( Palmaffy, pg. 12 ) By non ever implementing the exactitude of the jurisprudence drivers continue experiencing that they can maintain stretching it more and more. And it influences public sentiment towards other Torahs besides. Now drivers expression at the constabulary as average people who are out to acquire normal citizens, but in kernel everyone is looking for the same thing # 8211 ; people who are driving perilously. When the marks side with the bulk, everybody is satisfied, and constabularies can implement Torahs that the public agree with. Everyday drivers voice their sentiment for higher velocity bounds by transcending them. Once the velocity bounds are adjusted consequently, constabularies can publish commendations in a much more orderly mode, and drivers know precisely how fast they can drive without having a ticket. They can implement the exact bound and do non hold to give any leeway. This will slowly convey more and more regard to constabulary officers, and the populace will recognize that they are simply looking out for their safety. Besides enforcement can be stricter. If the new Torahs are purely enforced, really few automobilists will interrupt them because they would be set at sensible bounds. # 8220 ; The impression is that the figure on the marks alteration, but the approximative norm of traffic # 8217 ; s velocity stays the same, and the slower autos catch up as the faster 1s decelerate down. # 8221 ; ( Bedard, pg. 24 ) There are besides creative activities that make accidental speed demons slow down in problem countries, so that although the velocity bound has been raised, drivers still travel at a slower velocity when nearing unsafe countries. # 8220 ; The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety has come up with an innovation that utilizes semblances to do drivers feel like they are traveling faster than they truly are when they are nearing obstructions which require reduced stopping distance or disconnected alterations in direction. # 8221 ; ( Nikkel, pg. 36 ) They are really utile in countries such as intersections, Bridgess, curves, or building zones. The first two techniques utilize a convergence stripe form or # 8220 ; rumble strips # 8221 ; which both give drivers the semblance that they are rushing. Another option is to hold the roadway seem to acquire narrower, by puting the medians and barriers closer to the roadway. These innovations have already been proven to cut down the figure of accid ents and have saved many lives. Oppositions to raising the bing velocity bounds refer to statistics that say, higher velocities mean greater opportunities of crashing. Surveies by The National Highway Traffic Safety Commission ( NHTSA ) which claim to demo that # 8220 ; velocity was a conducive factor in about 32 per centum of all fatal auto clangs # 8221 ; since 1975, are really deceptive. Any clip an accident occurs, where any auto that was involved in the accident exceeded the velocity bound by even one stat mi per hr, they were included in the 32 per centum ; even if they had perfectly no portion in the cause of the accident. No research worker of all time visits the scene, and there is no interview of all time conducted with the drivers involved. A standardised questionnaire is completed by the constabulary officers involved. The statistics can non be accurate if they use these standards to obtain them. When there are more accidents a # 8220 ; Domino consequence # 8221 ; of other jobs result, such as higher wellness attention costs, more expensive insurance claims, and higher insurance premiums. Once the velocity bounds are raised to the 85th percentile everyone will be happy. The populace will experience of import that they themselves instituted a jurisprudence democratically merely by driving the manner they feel comfy. Police will be satisfied because traffic will be going at the safest velocity possible, and because there would be no guesswork in what surplus of the velocity bound deserved a ticket. And eventually the authorities would be pleased because of the safety of their roads and that the populace is happy with them. The federal upper limit on velocity bounds was a one-size-fits-all regulation that merely didn # 8217 ; t tantrum. What the provinces need to make is carry on studies to find the 85th percentile and so alter the velocity limits to this. The national author ities should neer once more enforce a federal upper limit. If these two simple undertakings are completed accident rates will greatly decrease, Torahs jurisprudence enforcement will be respected, and everyone will be satisfied. So if of all time told that velocity putting to deaths, be certain to answer, # 8220 ; How do you cognize? # 8221 ; ( Bedard, pg. 109 ) Plants Cited Palmaffy, Tyce. # 8220 ; Don # 8217 ; t Brake for Big Government # 8221 ; Policy Review. Sept.-Oct. 1996. Pg. 11-13. Bedard, Patrick. # 8220 ; They Say Speed Kills # 8221 ; Car and Driver. Sept. 1996. Pg. 109-113. Nikkel, Cathy. # 8220 ; The Illusion of Speed # 8221 ; Motor Trend. Aug. 1996. Pg. 36-37. Bedard, Patrick. # 8220 ; Why the Speed Limit has Nothing to make with Speeds # 8221 ; Car and Driver. Sept. 1996. Pg. 24.