Environmental Education and Education for Sustainability Essay

QUESTION 1 What universal occasions affected the improvement of Environmental Education and Education for Sustainability? Rundown the key turns of events and occasions in a short 1-page point-structure account giving the significant names of occasions and dates/years in which they occurred 1) The 1972 United Nations Conference on Human Environment Stockholm It drove legitimately to the foundation of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), which turned into the main UN organization to have its home office situated outside of Europe and North America in Nairobi in Kenya, East Africa. Among the principal errands given to the UNEP was to set up term Ëœenvironmental instruction. Along with Unesco, UNEP sorted out the main International Workshop on Environmental Education in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in 1975 and following on this, the first Inter-administrative Conference on Environmental Education held at Tbilisi in the USSR in 1977. This gathering brought about the affirmation of 12 principals currently alluded to as the Tbilisi Principals of Environmental Education which gave the structure and rules to the act of ecological instruction on a worldwide, local, and national scale. The 1987 International Conference on Environmental Education held in Moscow reaffirmed the Tbilisi Principals as sound rules for the advancement of national cond ition al training programs. 2) The Tbilisi Principles of Environmental Education Think about the earth in its totality characteristic and assembled, innovative and social (financial, political, social authentic, good, tasteful) Be a persistent long lasting procedure, starting at the preschool level and proceeding through all formal and non-formal stages Be interdisciplinary in its methodology, drawing on the particular substance of each control in making conceivable an all encompassing and adjusted viewpoint Examine major ecological issues from neighborhood, national, territorial, and worldwide perspectives with the goal that understudies get bits of knowledge into natural conditions in other geological territories Focus on current and possible ecological circumstances while considering the chronicled point of view Advance estimation of, and need for neighborhood, national, and universal participation in the counteraction and arrangement of ecological issues Explicitly consider natural viewpoints in plans for the turn of events and development Enable learners to have a job in arranging their learning encounters and give a chance to settling on choices and tolerating their outcomes Enable students to have a job in arranging their learning encounters and give a chance to settling on choices and tolerating their results Relate ecological affectability, information. Critical thinking aptitudes and qualities explanation to each age, however with exceptional accentuation on natural affectability to the students own locale in early years Help students find the side effects and genuine reasons for ecological issues Emphasize the multifaceted nature of natural issues and in this way the need to create basic reasoning and critical thinking abilities Utilize different learning conditions and an expansive exhibit of instructive ways to deal with educating/finding out about and from the earth, with due weight on viable exercises and direct understanding 3) The 1992 Rio Earth Summit The 1992 Earth Summit concentrated on the job of natural training as an instructive reaction to the ecological emergency. Part 36 of Agenda 21 (UNCED, 1992), was one of the key records to rise up out of the gathering , underlines the requirement for wide-scale ecological instructive projects in various settings, while the Å"BioDiversity Convention  incorporates training and limit building , as do a large number of the other worldwide shows planned for reacting to a wide scope of natural issues Plan 21 depicts ecological training forms that include instructors and students in Å"promoting supportable turn of events and improving the limit of individuals to address condition and advancement issues  showing the nearby connection between changes in the field of natural training and the unmistakable quality of the thought of feasible improvement at the Rio Earth Summit. An improvement connected to the 1992 Earth Summit was the advancement of a Treaty on Environmental Education for Sustainable Societies, which was received at an entire gathering by the International Forum of NGOs and Social Movements 4) The NGO Forum Principals Instruction is the privilege of all; we are generally students and teachers Environmental training, regardless of whether formal, non-formal or casual, ought to grounded in basic and inventive deduction in wherever or time, advancing the change and development of society Environment training is both individual and group. It means to create neighborhood and worldwide citizenship with deference for self-assurance and the sway of countries Environmental training isn't unbiased yet it esteem based. It is a represent social change Environmental training must include an all encompassing methodology and in this manner an interdisciplinary concentration in the connection between individuals, nature and the universe Environmental instruction must invigorate solidarity, balance, and regard for the human rights including popularity based systems and an open atmosphere of social trade Ecological instruction should treat basic worldwide issues, their causes and interrelationship in a deliberate methodology and inside their social and recorded settings. Natural training must recoup, perceive, regard, reflect and use indigenous history and nearby societies, just as advance social, etymological and environmental assorted variety. Natural training must encourage equivalent organizations in the procedures dynamic at all levels and stages Environmental instruction ought to engage all people groups and advance open door for grassroots fair change and investment. Natural training esteems every extraordinary type of information. Information is different, total and socially delivered and ought not be protected or hoarded Environmental instruction must be intended to empower individuals to deal with clashes in just and compassionate manners Environmental training must invigorate discourse and participation among people and establishments so as to make new ways of life which depend on meeting everyones essential needs, paying little mind to ethnic sexual orientation, age, strict, class, physical or mental contrasts Environmental instruction requires a democratization of the broad communications and its responsibility to the enthusiasm of all divisions of society. Natural training must coordinate information, abilities, qualities, perspectives and activities Education must assistance create and moral attention to all types of existence with people share this planet, regard all life cycles, and force restrains on people abuse of different types of life. QUESTION 2 The IUCN characterizes ecological instruction as follows: Ecological instruction is a procedure during which esteems are found and ideas are disclosed so as to create abilities and mentalities pertaining to a valuation for the connection between man, his way of life and his biophysical condition. Condition training likewise incorporates the act of dynamic and the definition of individual implicit rules on issues influencing the nature of the earth. In a school setting, you watch the accompanying: Paper and litter is flung over the entire school and the school grounds are unkempt Lights are left on in study halls and workplaces after school is over Taps are typically left dripping As an ecological instructor you understand that this a chance to teach the students and the staff at your school about the earth issues watched and to assist them with making a move to react to these issues. Quickly clarify: 3) What esteems you can show the school according to the watched natural issues? The significance of a spotless situation is a solid domain. We can show youngsters the significance of reusing. 4) What abilities should be created to address the issues? We have to teach students the dangers that litter causes to the earth for example litter can be a fire peril; it could mischief or slaughter creatures, can square conduits, litter looks terrible and is a blemish for anyone. 5) What mentalities should be created in the school? Students and kids need to build up an inspirational demeanor, to include the whole school in a reusing program, which can be stretched out to the network. 6) What choices should be made by the school the executives to address these issues? Make mindfulness by giving reusing containers to paper, glass and plastic. Pick a zone on a week by week premise and include the students and guardians to take an interest in tidying up the region. Have mindfulness gatherings with the students, have graphs in the study halls, go on field trips. 7) What set of principles should be created for students in the school to address these issues? The standards of the school must be exacting, kids are to get detainment on the off chance that they are found littering. QUESTION 3 Instruction for manageability and training for feasible improvement are extremely noticeable in this decade for reasonable turn of events. Answer the following questions in regards to this: 3.1 Define the term manageable turn of events Practical advancement implies guaranteeing the noble everyday environments with respect to human rights by making and keeping up the broadest conceivable scope of choices for openly characterizing life plans 3.2 Name two natural pointers of maintainability Utilization and age of waste are limited Inexhaustible, non-harmful vitality sources are utilized as well as discarded to the advantage of the earth and network 3.3 Name two social markers of supportability There are sufficient chances/advancements for correspondence inside the network and for interfacing, as is suitable, with the overall network The abilities, aptitudes and different assets of the network are shared fr

The Australian Communist Party essays

The Australian Communist Party papers All through this paper I will concentrate on a discussion that was held between Shane, Jane and Husna corresponding to Australian adjudicators and our parliamentary framework. There are a few issues which have been raised all through this discussion, for example, what job do makes a decision about play in the public arena and how are they seen? I will likewise investigate the Australian Communist Party case, what the case involved, why it happened and what was the result, just as different cases which are applicable to specific zones. I will likewise try to disclose current areas of the constitution which forbid certain conduct and laws. I will investigate what precisely Jane implies by the term, sensibly essential. I likewise plan to give numerous guides to legitimize my conflict and talk about at lengths the legitimacy of the cases made in the discussion. Shane examines the Communist Party case and how it demonstrated Australian appointed authorities in their best light and how they seemed, by all accounts, to be valiant gatekeepers of individual rights in Australia by then. The Communist Party case happened in 1951. The Communist Party case is an authentic and acclaimed Australian case which has been known to be viewed as a profoundly compelling device for Australian Defense powers, Judicial survey just as the standard of law. In 1950 the Australian Federal Government followed up on enactment to guarantee that the Australian Communist Party was ill-conceived association and had points of holding onto their property. Brought under the steady gaze of the High Court of Australia in 1951 the law was tested and it turned into a greater part choice of 6:1, Latham being the contradicting Judge, held that this particular law was outside the Commonwealth locale and brought about being invalid. The law was ordered at once in Australias history were the danger of socialism was an undeniable danger for Australia as well as for some other western nations. The Australian Army were at the time battling a war in Korea. There wa... <!

Writing Topics on Global Warming Essay

Writing Topics on Global Warming EssayTopics on global warming can be a great way to get students engaged in a topic. Many people are becoming more aware of the topic and its impact on the environment, and that means that it's more likely to come up in discussion. Students are naturally curious about the topic, so writing a topic on global warming essay should be easy.The essays can cover a number of subjects, ranging from discussions of various environmental issues in their own right, to discussions of global warming as a major issue facing the earth. Topics can range from global warming via nuclear war to global cooling. Some of the topics on global warming are likely to be discussed at school, while others are going to be less well known, and thus less common.The goal is to have an essay that covers many of the topics listed above. The essay can address the effects of global warming in various ways. One way to do this is to talk about how global warming affects the environment, th e methods used to reduce or eliminate global warming, and so on.Some students may not be interested in doing these types of essays, but if they are, they should be encouraged to write one. Writing an essay about environmental issues is something that students are much more likely to remember than other kinds of essay they write. Writing an essay on the subject should give students an idea of the kind of issues they should be looking into themselves as they go to college.Writing an essay on environmental issues can take a variety of forms. It can be a complex analysis of the topic, using a variety of different words and phrases, or it can be an easy, single-paragraph explanation of the topic. There are some people who prefer the complicated method, but in general it is easier to write an essay that makes a simple point when writing about the topic. This approach allows students to use the essay to discuss the issue they are most interested in, without having to spend time explaining the details of global warming.The best way to start writing an essay on global warming is to choose a topic that is at least somewhat well known. This will also give students a starting point for learning the issue. A bit of research can help students understand the issues better, and will help them to think about ways to combat global warming as they read. By choosing a topic that is already well understood, students will be able to develop strong opinions and will be able to build a strong argument.Another way to start writing a topic on global warming is to look at an essay written by someone else and to use a different method of presentation. The essay itself is very different from what is presented in a lecture. This approach makes it easier for students to grasp the topics that are presented.Writing an essay on global warming is very similar to any other essay. The topics are almost always the same. Any students interested in doing this course assignment should use all of the resources available to them to help them learn and understand the topic.

The Effect Of Communication On The Satisfaction Of A...

Why take another look at communication again? because most studies that have been done, do the same thing over and over. They use self reports that are coded themselves or that the research will have the participants code, tons of different questionnaires that take time for the participants to do, and it is really not relevant for the new generations. With the studies that have been done, almost half of all first marriage still end in divorce. It looks like the system that we use to study and try to help curb this just isn t working, because of the measures that are used it just speak to the generation anymore. This study is different, it will use a video game as the measure to study the effects of communication on the satisfaction in a relationship. The video game doesn t take much time, and time is very important to this generation that is always on the go. It is also a lot more relevant for this generation of couples as well. This study will also be looking at specifically communi cation in a stressful situation, which the studies have not covered before. This is important because every couple as arguments and by studying this hopefully it will curb the amount of arguments in the relationship and help lower the first marriage divorce rates. There was a study done just recently that looked at whether communication predicted satisfaction or satisfaction predicted communication? The study didn’t really find whether one predicted the other.(Lavner, et al, 2016, p. 1-15)Show MoreRelatedMarriage Is A Difficult Proposition934 Words   |  4 Pagesrequired to remain committed to a lifelong marriage relationship. According to, Goodwin, Mosher, and Chandra (2010), research has shown that approximately one-third of marriages in the USA end up in divorce within the first 10 years. Additionally, estimates are that around 50% of all marriages in the USA end up in divorce (Britzman Sauerheber, 2014). For many, the major reasons for these disconnects in marriage are deficits in effective marital communication, the inability to resolve conflict constructivelyRead MoreThe Relationship Between Sexual Satisfaction And Relationship Satisfaction Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesAssociations Between Sexual Satisfaction and Relationship Satisfaction Sex has been viewed as fundamental for most romantic relationships, but sexual gratification and relationship satisfaction have often been examined separately. In more recent years, researchers have explored the association between sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction to gain a better understanding of how couples can obtain happy stable relationship (Schmiedeberg Schrà ¶der 2016). The purpose of this literatureRead MoreEssay on Communication Traits of Happy Couples1638 Words   |  7 Pagescouples who are happy and those who are not, through all stages of a relationship. They have found that many of the traits that begin in a dating relationship will carry over into a marriage. Researchers have turned to the ways in which these happy couples communicate and the ways that not so happy couples communicate in order to find a common thread between couples who stay committed to one another while being satisfied in the relationship. There are communicative traits practice d by these couples whoRead MoreCommunication And Its Effects On Employees s Perceptions Towards Organizational Changes902 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Communication and its effects on employee’s perceptions towards organizational changes have been extensively studied. Communication, if poorly managed, can lead to negative consequences including employee’s frustration, uncertainty, change contempt (Frahm Brown (2007), Bordia, Hunt, Paulsen (2004)), psychological strain, low job satisfaction, and increase in turnover intention (Bordia, Hunt, Paulsen (2004)). If effectively managed, communication can result in multiple positiveRead MoreEssay On Social Anxiety1134 Words   |  5 PagesAnxiety, Relationships, and What to Do Introduction Social anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses in the United States. Chances are you know somebody who has dealt with this issue (Kessler, etc., 2005) because it causes one-third of the population to experience distress or disability. It can affect quality of life by generating fear of social situations and resulting in social withdrawal. One of the most central aspects of human life is having close relationships — particularlyRead MoreFather Daughter Relationships : Examining Family Communication Patterns And Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction1312 Words   |  6 PagesThe article, â€Å"Father-Daughter Relationships: Examining Family Communication Patterns and Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction† by Narissra Maria Punyanunt-Carter, published in the Communication Research Reports: Volume 25, No. 1, on February 1, 2008, presents the findings from a study concerning the interpersonal communication satisfaction between fathers and daughters as a result of their communication patterns. Punyanunt-Carter begins her paper by providing details from a literature reviewRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Society s Social Life1409 Words   |  6 Pagesothers bring advantages for people, but at the same time have a negative effect on their behavior. The way they respond to interpersonal relationships and the outcomes that may come from them. For instance, the research about the effects that technology has on social lives, the way social media influences the self- editing thru social comparison, the impact of technological communication has on life and relationship satisfaction. This various research supports the argument presented by Sherryl TurkleRead MoreTransformational Leadership Is Developed By Political Sociologist James Mac Gregor Burns Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesReview 1) Relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction among the academic staff The authors of this article performed a study by collecting 214 questionnaires from academic staff to evaluate the relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction. The study also emphasized the relationship among the variables: idealized influence, individual consideration, inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation and job satisfaction. TheRead MoreLack of Communication Is the Biggest Problem in Healthcare Today1715 Words   |  7 Pagesineffective communication among hospital personnel, patients and their families, and the effect it has on patient safety. Communication, as a whole, is very complex and is the root of teamwork and collaboration which aids in keeping patients safe in the hospital. Throughout the healthcare field today patient-centered care and patient safety seem to be major focus points. Unfortunately, ineffective communication can potentially cause patient harm and even death. The breech in ineffective communicat ion betweenRead MoreThe Effects Of Cellphones On Our Daily Lives Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesdecade. With the rise in technological advances and continual rise in interest, large amounts of research have been done on the overall impact that technology has had. We have previously stated that the goal of our study is to determine the overall effects that cellphones play on face-to-face interactions with one another on a daily basis. It is important to grasp the research being done on technology as a whole. There are currently mass amounts of research on the impact that cellphones have, but

Medicine Has Been Dramatically Development - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1367 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Biology Essay Level High school Tags: Animal Testing Essay Did you like this example? Medicine has been dramatically development, especially in the last century. Animal experimentation has been used since the very first day of medical science such as Aristotle, (384 â€Å" 322 BC) and Erasistratus, (304 â€Å" 258 BC) (Hajar). There are 108 Nobel Prizes which rewarded for medicine and physiology since 1901 and 96 of those are directly base on the animal (The animal). Despite researching are focusing on particle and gene level, animal testings are still the standard steps to develop a new drug. Beside of that, demanding for basic rights is one of the features of developed societies. Not only fighting for the human right but also for animal right, some organizations such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animal (PETA) and the American Fund for Alternatives to Animal Research (AFAAR), etc were found to protest against activities which can harm the animal. In fact, these organizations have achieved some goals and contributed to a more humane society. However, especially in medical research, animal experimentations should be continuous because of valuable role, unbelievable biological similarities between animal and human and unreplaceable in some cases. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Medicine Has Been Dramatically Development" essay for you Create order Thanks to animal experimentation, since the very first day, human being have definitely achieved many meaningful progressions in biomedicine which help them get over historical pandemics, fighting diseases and keep healthy. Vaccination is one of obvious benefit from which human have earned. The smallpox pandemic, (1870-1874) spread throughout Europe and other continents caused a heavy fatality. Due to the disease, there were more than 170,000 deaths throughout German, more than 35,000 deaths in Belgium, 155,335 deaths in Austria(Rolleston). Initially, they used humanized vaccine but could not afford the demand and even occasionally transmitted syphilis from person to person. Because of these, animal which were horses, mules, goats, rabbits were used to create a vaccine. It dramatically decreased the number of deaths and finally eradicated smallpox in 1977. Moreover, not only smallpox but also many other infective diseases have been controlled efficiently by vaccine since 1880 such as rabies in 1880, typhoid, cholera plague in 1890, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, tuberculosis in 1920, etc (Botting). The numbers have their voices that we can not reject the role of vaccine in healthcare in which animal is one of the major factors. On the other hand, some people claim that animal experimentation is just wasting lives and these activities did not actually play any role in medical development. Most animal experiments are not relevant to human health, they do not contribute meaningfully to medical advances (Berlatshy). However, only by the proof vaccine, the claim seems to be overgeneralization and contradicts a lot of medical achievements which were meaningful to the history of human development. I cannot imagine what would have happened if they had not used an animal to create the vaccine. But why was an animal? In experimentation, mostly, scientists try to find how a live body reacts to a specific stimulation. Because of ethical reasons, people cannot use human for testing so that animals have been used as a replacement due to similarities between animal and human. In 1937, ?Elixir Sulfanilamide was created by a pharmaceutical company in the USA and caused the deaths of more than a hundred people. The reason of deaths was found that was diethylene glycol (DEG) as a solvent of the medicine. DEG was poisonous to humans, but the company was not aware of this. Notably, no animal testing was done before the product was allowed to sell (Hajar). Besides that, if we look animal and human in biological view, we will surprise that there are similarities that we cannot ever imagine such as lung, heart, kidney, intestine, bladder etc. and even in the same designs. 90% of veterinary medicines are the same as, or very similar to humans medicine. Moreover, it is interesting that we have 90% gene in common with a mouse that we can use to study gene and related diseases or treatments (The Animal). Because of these reasons, according to FDA, in five steps of the drug development process, in vivo is the second step that must be done to find out whether it has the potential to cause serious harm before testing on human(The Drug). Animal testing is one of an indispensable part in new medicine invention. Human being and other animals are obviously different species. Animal rights advocates assume these species-differences as differences in respondent to a stimulation or a drug to persuade people to stop using animal test for medical purposes. Taking a healthy being from a completely different species, artificially inducing a condition that he or she would never normally contract, keeping him or her in an unnatural and distressful environment, and trying to apply the results to naturally occurring diseases in human beings is dubious at best(Berlatshy). Of course, different species do not have perfect similarities. Nevertheless, a lot of respondents of the animal were the same to humans respondents to a drug or a stimulation. Unless the respondents were almost the same, there could not be a 90% similarity between veterinary medicine and human medicine(The Animal). Heart diseases and related diseases are deathly causes in the US. Studies with dogs contributed to our most basic understanding of how to manage heart disease. Techniques to diagnose the workings of the heart- electrocardiography, cardiac catheters, angiograms, and coronary blood flow measurement were developed through research using dogs as were surgical techniques such as cardiac bypass angioplasty, and heart transplants (The American). Undeniably, there are close similarities between human and animal in biological aspects which we reasonably use and get a lot of benefits in medical research. Moreover, scientists are also humans which have emotions, love, and compassion upon the animal. By scientific innovations, scientists have been trying to use an alternative method for experimentation. Using animal is only when they have no any other choice. According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, scientists do have the alternatives to animal testing by the 3R principle which are Replace, Reduce and Refine. Alternative methods are supported by U.S law such as Animal Welfare Act, Public Health Service (PHS) Policy, NIH Revitalization Act of 1993, ICCVAM Authorization Act of 2000, Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act(Alternatives). However, in some specific cases, the animal is the only choice. As a neuroscientist, using a non-animal model to study how the brain controls limbs are limit. Only by using macaques to study, we achieved some understanding which relevant to human diseases (Baker). All of these policies are to make sure that alternative must be considered before the process. In the example of macaques, scientists cannot achieve anything if they just processed on cells or simulation because we need to study how the whole system acts, not a neural cell. Some people claimed that alternatives should take place of animal experimentation. Human clinical and epidemiological studies, human tissue- and cell-based research methods, cadavers, sophisticated high-fidelity human patient simulators, and computational models are more reliable, more precise, less expensive, and more humane than animal experiments(Berlatshy). In spite of that, this is right but just haft of the truth. Because we cannot always have an alternative. As I wrote above, in some specific purposes, cases, animals are still the only choice. In vitro testing cannot replace animal testing altogether. The reasons for this are fairly straightforward: a drug might work fine on a cell in a test tube, but how will it work in a body? A test tube has no blood circulatory system, no liver, no brain, and no nervous system at all. A test tube cannot feel pain or get pregnant (Do). Haft of a truth is not a truth. Animal experimentation isnt able replaced completely, at least, until now. Ordinarily, because of ethical and legal reasons, alternative methods which are challenging goals must be considered seriously. Despite this, animal experimentations should be continuous, especially in medical researches, because of the meaningful role base on biological similarities between animal and human and for some specific purposes, the animal is a unique choice. The denial of the importance of animals in research into the nature and treatment of infective diseases, and the insistence of animal rights groups that economic and social change is the sole cause of the decrease in morbidity and death from infection cannot be sustained (Botting).

The Battle Of The World War II - 1712 Words

The Battle of Midway was one of the most important naval battles of WWII. This three day offensive between June 4th and 7th of 1942 inflicted irreparable damage on the Japanese fleet. The Japanese sought to eliminate the America as a strategic power in the Pacific, thereby giving Japan a free lane to establish a greater dominance on the Pacific hemisphere. The plan was faulty from the start due to American code breakers who were able to decipher the date and location of the attack, forewarning the U.S. Navy to set up its own ambush. After midway and the lost of the Soloman Islands, Japans shipbuilding and pilot training programs were unable to keep pace in replacing their losses while the U.S steadily increased its output in both areas due to the increased women labor force. The Battle of Stalingrad is seen as a major turning point in which the aggressors went from offensive to a defensive posture. On November 19th, 1942 the Soviet army counter offensive started and was the first major defeat for the Nazi’s. President Roosevelt called it the â€Å"turning point† of the whole European conflict. The Russian army had gained the initiative to move from a defense to offense and pushed the German army all the way back to Berlin. On July 9th, Allied forces land in Sicily Italy as part of Operation Husky in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis Powers. Strategically this operation achieved the goals the Allied planners had set, it drove the Axis air, land and navel forcesShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The World War II974 Words   |  4 PagesSecond World War, the families would experience â€Å"a constant dread of receiving a telegram announcing the injury, missing status or capture, or death of a husband, son or father. Why help to fight World War II when you know the pain that it endures on your family? In the middle of World War II in 1939, a photographer captured a commemorative picture of a soldier/father kissing his daughter goodbye before her dad leaves Britain. Not only does the photograph show the impacts that World War II had onRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1345 Words   |  6 Pages World War II, intensified tensions between two of the strongest countries in the 1940s, the United S tates of America and Japan. On December 7,1941, Japanese planes and submarines attacked the American Naval base at pearl harbor, one of America’s largest bases and the largest base in the Pacific Ocean.The attack caused serious damage to the base, taking out America’s strongest battleships, killing thousands of people, and destroying hundreds of planes. America officially enters World War II. TheRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe first time aircrafts are seen playing major roles in World War II Germany and Japan had begun to attack the nation. Germany and Japan began their initial attacks strong with air strikes, first attacking Holland, Denver, France, and England. When the British retaliated, they had cutting-edge fighters guided by radar. The Battle for Britain was one of the first battles fought solely in the air, keeping Germany from taking control of Britain’s airways. Japan also began its attack on the U.S viaRead MoreTh e Battle Of The World War II995 Words   |  4 PagesAlyssa Humphrey Humphrey, 1 April 21, 2015 2nd On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Hitler s Nazi Germany in retaliation. Humiliated and dissatisfied with their loss in World War I Germany wanted a powerful leader who could bring them to a strong victory. Invading the whole world meant there would be other countries stronger then they were. By this time, the Japanese had built a strong naval offense system known as the Combined Fleet commanded by IrorokuRead MoreThe Battle Of World War II1168 Words   |  5 Pages The Battles of World War II Normandy Invasion, D-Day In December 1943, the head of staff of the Allies picked American General Dwight D. Eisenhower as incomparable administrator for the Allies in Europe. English General, Sir Frederick Morgan, added to various arrangements for the Allies, most uncommon was Operation Overlord, a full-scale intrusion of France over the English Channel. This was the codename for the most mysterious summon in the war. The initial plan was to cross the English ChannelRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II2128 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War II, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, is considered the largest armed conflict in human history. This war was fought over six different continents, in every ocean, and ultimately resulted in fifty million military and civilian deaths; including the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust. Within the course of the seven-year span of fighting in the war, two decisive battles changed the tide of the war in each theater: The D-Day landings and the Battle of Midway. The invasion of NormandyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1315 Words   |  6 PagesSam Carter L9 To What Extent was the Battle of Stalingrad a More Important Turning Point in World War II than the Battle of Britain? The Battle of Stalingrad was fought from the September 1942 through to early February 1943, and took place after the Germans had reached the fringes of Leningrad and Moscow in operation Barbarossa. Hitler’s, and the German commander of the sixth army, General von Paulus’ main aim was to take and secure the oil fields of Caucasus in Russia. The oil from here wouldRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1156 Words   |  5 PagesWord War II was a time that caused many people to feel a lot of tension, anxiety and concern. While some wanted power, control, and wanted the notion of superiority. Others were left feeling unsafe, scared, and were worried of what the future would bring them. The uncertainly lead many to feed off the fear and the tension among people rose. No one was to be trusted. During the time of World War II the most important thing to have was power. Countries did not care how they would achieve it they simplyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe global conflict known as World War 2 had been brutally raging on for over two years. American forces had managed to stay out of the war. However, when the Japanese bombed the naval base in Hawaii, Pearl Harbor, the Americans could no longer hold out. On December 7, 1941, the United States of America entered WWII (â€Å"Origins of the Normandy Landing†). Before the Americans entered the war, Winston Churchill and the Allies (Britain, Canada, France) were losing the war. Everything was against themRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1249 Words   |  5 Pageswere more than one hundred warships which included eight massive battleships. The US was suffering from the Great Depression, which made Americans think that they would stay out of World War II. As tensions grew between Japan and America, American sailors and airmen were training just in case the US were to join World War II. Americans had not realized that Japan and America were becoming enemies because the main enemy was Adolf Hitler; his goal was to conquer all the democracies of Europe. In 1940,

Gangs3 Essay Example For Students

Gangs3 Essay Gangs are a violent reality that people have to deal with in todays cities. Whathas made these groups come about? Why do kids feel that being in a gang is both anacceptable and prestigious way to live? The long range answer to these questions canonly be speculated upon, but in the short term the answers are much easier to find. Onthe surface, gangs are a direct result of human beings personal wants and peer pressure. To determine how to effectively end gang violence we must find the way that thesemorals are given to the individual Unfortunately, these can only be hypothesized. However, by looking at the way humans are influenced in society, I believe there is goodevidence to point the blame at several institutions. These include the forces of the media,the government, theater, drugs and our economic system. On the surface, gangs are caused by peer pressure and greed. Many teens ingangs will pressure peers into becoming part of a gang by making it all sound glamorous. Money is also an crucial factor. A kid (a 6-10 year old, who is not yet a member) isshown that s/he could make $200 to $400 for small part time gang jobs. Although theseare important factors they are not strong enough to make kids do things that are strongly One of the ways that kids morals are bent so that gang violence becomes moreacceptable is the influence of television and movies. The average child spends more timeat a TV than she/he spends in a classroom. Since nobody can completely turn off theirminds, kids must be learning something while watching the TV. Very few hours oftelevision watched by children are educational, so other ideas are being absorbed duringthis period of time. Many shows on television today are extremely violent and are oftenshown this from a gangs perspective. A normal adult can see that this is showing howfoully that gangs are living. However, to a child this portrays a violent gang existence asacceptable. The Ends Justifies the Means mentality is also taught through many showswhere the goody guy captures the bad guy through violence and is then beingcommended. A young child sees this a perfectly acceptable because he knows that thebad guy was wrong but has no idea of what acceptable apprehension techniques are. Gore in television also takes a big part in influencing young minds. Children seegory scenes and are fascinated by these things that they have not seen before. Olderviewers see gore and are not concerned with the blood but rather with the pain the victimmust feel. A younger mind doesnt make this connection. Thus a gore fascination isformed, and has been seen in several of my peers. Unfortunately kids raised with thissort of television end up growing up with a stronger propensity to becoming a violentgang member or violent-acceptant person. Gangs bring the delinquent norms of society into intimate contact with theindividual.1, (Marshall B Clinard, 1963). So, as you can see if TV leads a child tobelieve that violence is the norm this will manifest itself in the actions of the child quite,often in a gang situation. This is especially the case when parents dont spend a lot oftime with their kids at the TV explaining what is right and what is wrong. Quite oftennewer books and some types of music will enforce this type of thought and ideas. Once this mentality is installed in youngsters they become increasingly prone tobeing easily pushed into a gang situation by any problem at home or elsewhere. Forinstance, in poor families with many children or upper-middle class families whereparents are always working, the children will often feel deprived of love. Parents canoften feel that putting food on the table is enough love. Children of these families mayoften go to the gang firstly out of boredom and to belong somewhere. As time goes on, aform of love or kinship develops between the gang members and the child. It is then thatthe bond between the kid and the gang is completed because the gang has effectively taken the place of the family. .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .postImageUrl , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:hover , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:visited , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:active { border:0!important; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:active , .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7 .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u96c03bb582045ea826ef95b7f66cdab7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Persuasive Essay On Abortion Pro Choice The new anti social structure of cities also effects the ease in which a boy/girl canjoin a gang. The formation of gangs in cities, and most recently in suburbs, is facilitatedby the same lack of community among parents. The parents do not know what theirchildren are doing for two reasons: First, much of the parents lives is outside the localcommunity, while the childrens lives are lived almost totally within it. Second, in a fullydeveloped community, the network of relations gives every parent, in a sense, acommunity of sentries who can keep him informed of his childs activities. In modernliving-places (city or suburban), where suc h a network is attenuated, he no longer hassuch sentries.2, (Merton Nisbet, 1971). In male gangs problems occur as each is the members tries to be the most manly. This often leads to all members participating inone-up-manship. Quite often this willthen lead to each member trying to commit a bigger and more violent crime or simplymore crimes than the others. With all members participating in this sort of activity itmakes for a never ending unorganized violence spree (A sort of Clockwork Orangementality). In gangs with more intelligent members these feelings end up making eachmember want to be the star when the groups commit a crime. This makes the gang muchmore organized and improves the morale of members which in turn makes them moredangerous and very hard for the police to deal with and catch (There is nothing harder tofind and deal with than organized teens that are dedicated to the group). This sort ofgang is usually common of middle or upper class people although it can happen in gangsin the projects and other low rent districts too. This one-up-manship is of ten the reason between rival gangs fighting. Allgangs feel powerful and they want to be feared. To do this they try to establishthemselves as the only gang in a certain neighborhood. After a few gang fights hatredforms and gang murders and drive-bys begin to take place. When two gangs are at war itmakes life very dangerous for citizens in the area. Less that 40% of drive-bys kill theirintended victim yet over 60% do kill someone. This gang application is one of the manyreasons that sexual stereotypes and pressure to conform to the same must be stopped. Lastly one of the great factors in joining a gang is for protection. Although froman objective point of view, we can see joining a gang brings more danger than it savesyou from, this is not always the way it is seen by kids. In slums such as the Bronx or thevery worst case, Compton, children will no doubt be beaten and robbed if they do notjoin a gang. Of course they can probably get the same treatment from rivals when in agang. The gang also provides some money for these children who quite often need tofeed their families. The reason kids think that the gang will keep them safe is frompropaganda from the gangs. Gang members will say that no one will get hurt and make apublic show of revenge if a member is hurt or killed. People in low rent areas are most often being repressed due to poverty and mostimportantly, race. This often results in an attitude that motivates the person to basehis/her life on doing what the system that oppresses them doesnt want. Although thisaccomplishes li ttle it is a big factor in gang enrollment. So, as you have seen gangs are a product of the environment we have created forourselves. Some of these factors include: oppression, the media, greed, violence andother gangs. There seems to be no way to end the problem of gangs without totallyrestructuring the modern economy and value system. Since the chance of this happeningis minimal, we must learn to cope with gangs and try to keep their following to aminimum. Unfortunately there is no real organized force to help fight gangs. Of coursethe police are supposed to do this but this situation quite often deals with racial issuesalso and the police forces regularly display their increasing inability to deal fairly withthese issues. What we need are more people to form organizations like the GuardianAngels a gang-like group that makes life very tough for street gangs that are breakingBibliography:

Hollywood On Trial Essays - Film Censorship In The United States

Hollywood On Trial The world is full of injustice. Of programs that want to accomplish the right things but get twisted by the people that run them. This essay will deal with the reasons and Birth of the Hays Commission, the ludicrous steps they took to add morality to the motion picture industry, and some other sensors of the time. All things said in this essay are true and taken from the Hays correspondence its self. It is a known fact that sex sells. It is used by advertisers to get us to by there product, and likewise it is used by producers and directors to get us to see their films. During he Depression, no one had enough money to buy dinner much less go see a movie. So, there was a increase in the sex that was on the screen to pull in people. Not that there was any rules or guidelines of the studios to follow. It was just they didn't care. There was a outcry by the catholic church and in April, 1934 a committee of bishops were set up named The Legion of Decency. These Bishops would tell all the priests, and they in turn would in turn tell the parishioners what movies were proper to see and what was not. This thought scared the Hollywood studios. A boycott of that size in the middle of a depression would crush them. The heads of all the major studios got together to solve this problem. They knew that they didn't want to lose the Catholics, and they didn't want government intervention. Their solution was to have a board to censor all the movies coming from the major studios (at that time it was legal for studios to own their own theaters so independent films weren't generally seen by the public at large). To head this committee was William Hays. William Hays was a Republican politician from Indiana with the impatient look a mailman whose paycheck was being sent by mail. Actually he was the Postmaster General in one of the most corrupt administrations of the century, Warren G. Harding(Gardner, xvii). Because of this, he had friends on high places in the movie industry. Even though his name was on the committee all he was responsible for was making the set of rules. To enforce these laws a reporter with catholic leanings (surprise, surprise), Joe Breen, was used. The way the censoring worked is that the studio would send the finished screenplay and reels of the movies to the committee. They in turn send a letter back to the studio telling all the corrections that needed to done. This would go back and forth until the committee was satisfied it would give the movie its stamp of approval. Without this stamp none of the distributors would touch it. There was a court of appeals but it was more of a token than any thing else. Some of the dialog that was cut from movies was ludicrous. In Going My Way they thought priests in a bad light. In Inherit the Wind the whole premise of the film could not be accepted originally because it supposedly slammed Christianity and portrayed the minister as the villain in the movie (parish the thought no pun intended). Sunset Boulevard was rejected because Norma's crime of shooting Gillis went unpunished. Apparently the fact that she was a lunatic wasn't enough. In Casablanca certain facts were left on the cutting room floor. Like Ilsa knew that her husband was alive and had the affair anyway. The whole movie is full of sexual innuendoes. Captain Renult, the viche officer, only gave visas to women who would have sex with him. All this was neatly taken out of the movie. Every one knows that no married woman sleeps with another man unless her husband is dead (sometimes not even then). And there would not be a man in the world who would take advantage of a woman in that way. And the directors had other concerns as well. Casablanca was not accepted in Sweden. It was one of the few countries that escaped the scourge of the Nazis. Sweden thought that if they showed a movie with so much Nazi

Embryonic Stem Cell Research essays

Embryonic Stem Cell Research essays In 1998, scientists discovered that they could isolate embryonic stem cells. They believed that these cells could be more beneficial than adult stem-cells in curing afflictions. Many people and researchers are pushing to get federal grants and the go-ahead to do embryonic stem-cell research for cures for diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, or spinal cord injuries. Nancy Reagan has also accused President Bush of not caring enough for human life to do what is necessary to find cures for American's most feared illnesses. The problems with using these cells are that embryonic stem-cells are not easily controlled, and adult stem cells have already proven effective in treating some of these diseases without killing anyone. Embryonic stem-cell research is not the answer to diseases or injuries, and these unborn babies should be protected. "Embryonic stem cells are harder to control in their effects, sometimes generating tumors and other less-tha n-welcome surprises" (leaderu.com/science/senseless_on_stemcell.html). Regardless, scientists continue to speculate that the versatility of these embryonic stem cells may be coaxed into becoming any number of cell types, thereby holding great promise for healing the human body. However, to date scientists attempting to use embryonic stem cells in such research have failed. The Christian Medical Association (CMA), in a letter to Congress and the president, emphasized, "scientific evidence demonstrating that human embryonic stem cells have proven difficult to develop and maintain unstable and mutate in culture, often act abnormally, and tend to form cancerous tumors" (catholicexchange.com/vm/index.asp?art_id=24896). According to the Executive of CMA, Director David Stevens, M.D., "Problems of tumor formation, uncontrollability, and genetic instability are now cited among the reasons why embryonic stem cells cannot safely be used in huma...

Colonial Labor worksheet Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Colonial Labor worksheet - Assignment Example The Spaniards and the Portuguese paid more for slaves and thus, encouraged the rulers and the traders in Africa to acquire more people. At first criminal and those considered sick were sold, but due to the profitability of the trade, people turned to each other to acquire people for sale. The used violence means to hunt and capture people. It let to war between people. (a) Tobacco planting required a huge labor force. At first, the Virginians experimented with a number of labor sources. They started with the Indians but they resisted them. They then resorted to the poor English adults as paupers and vagabonds were many in England. (b) Due to the high availability of contracted labor, slavery of the black people took time before people fully accepted it in Virginia. However, in mid-1660s, the supply of contracted servants failed sharply leading to the acceptance of the use of black people. (c) The short supply of indentured labor led to labor shortage, which consequently led to the introduction and mass use of black slaves. The wealthy whites acquired many blacks through slavery leading to the growth of the population of the black people in America. †¢ The experiences of the contracted English adults differ. In his letter, Richard Frethorne, claims that he was going difficulties yet secondary sources do not mention of difficulties passed by those who signed contracts with the wealthy

Foundation Degree Hospitality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Foundation Degree Hospitality Management - Essay Example In simple definition, ration analysis refers to the process by which the figures are quantified in order to understand business performance in terms of financial and operational management. Ratios analysis can be conducted to compare trends in the inter year performance of the organization. It can also be done to compare financial performance of several companies in the same industry. Similarly, the result of the analysis is comparable with that of the industry to which the company belongs. There are five main ratios that are applicable in this scenario. These include Profitability ratios, sales ratios, liquidity ratios, efficiency ratios, and financial ratios. Based on this brief introduction, ratio analysis of the Brown Sugar Cafe will follow in the next part... Identify appropriate techniques used to assess business performance, analysing data by applying selected techniques. Internal verifier: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..date:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. RATIO ANALYSIS Case of the Brown Sugar Cafe The assessment of financial and operational performance of an organization can be accomplished through the use of ratio analysis. This is achieved by evaluating the relationship of different figures generated from the company’s financial statements. A number of performance indicators are derived from these figures. In simple definition, ration analysis refers to the process by which the figures are quantified in order to understand business performance in terms of financial and operational management. Ratios analysis can be conducted to compare trends in the inter year performance of the organization. It can also be done to compare financial performance of several companies in the same industry. Similarly, the result of the analysis is comparable with that of the industry to which the company belongs. There are five main ratios that are applicable in this scenario. These include Profitability ratios, sales ratios, liquidity ratios, efficiency ratios, and financial ratios. Based on this brief introduction, ratio analysis of the Brown Sugar Cafe will follow in the next part The Brown Sugar Cafe Ratio Analysis 1. Gross Profit Margin (%) Gross profit margin is a profitability ratio that helps in examining the ability of the company to control costs associated with the acquisition of raw materials (Ratios Workbook, 2013). It is calculated using the formula below: Gross Profit % = (Gross Profit/ Sales) x 100 Using Brown Sugar Cafe

University of hertfordshire objectives

University of hertfordshire objectives Abstract In this assignment project me discuss and construct a Management Strategy that considers the University of Hertfordshire financial and non financial behaviour. A major part of the project is to develop a strategy that could identify the complications at the management level. This model is for the University of Hertfordshire to review and discuss its vision and mission while keeping the objectives of the University in mind. The project will identify the key attributes and criteria fo reviewing the strategy. Moreover the project develops the mission, vision and measures to be notified and followed by the University by considering the organizations ethical, cultural, enviromnental, social and business background. It will help to proactively make good management and therefore reduce loss of revenue and market share. This ultimately will lead to improved communications locally as well as globally as well as greater returns. The Techniques will utilize the latest research techniques and co nsider Universitys corporate objectives and business rules. The process discussed in this assignment is called â€Å"Strategic Planning and Implementation†. Keywords- Strategy Management, Planning, Vision, Business Behavior and Research Techniques 1) Introduction In todays highly competetive environment (business), planning that is budget oriented or forecast based are not that efficient. The University must engage in Strategy Management Planning that clearly defines and assesses the objectives of the university and evaluates the progress of the university. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over Tactics. Strategic management is closely related to the field of Organization Studies and provides overall direction to the enterprise. According to Arieu (2007), â€Å"there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context.† â€Å"Strategic management is an ongoing process that evaluates and controls the business and the industries in which the company is involved; assesses its competitors and sets goals and strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors; and then reassesses each strategy annually or quarterly [i.e. regularly] to determine how it has been implemented and whether it has succeeded or needs replacement by a new strategy to meet changed circumstances, new technology, new competitors, a new economic environment., or a new social, financial, or political environment.† (Lamb, 1984:ix) The following definitions, when combined, characterize a comprehensive strategic planning process. Strategic planning is: a rational analysis of the opportunities offered by an environment and of strengths and weaknesses of the firm, and selection of a match (strategic) between the two which best satisfied the objective of the firm (Ansoff, 1976). the process of determining what an organization does, what it will do in the future, and how it will manage to do it. (Bryson, 1988). disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide an organization, what it does and why it does it (Bryson, 1988). the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial (risk-taking) decisions systematically and with the greatest knowledge of their futurity; organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions; and measuring the results of these decisions against the expectations through organized, systematic feedback (Drucker, 1974). 1.1) Structure of the process- Management Strategy: Strategic Formulation would be the process of the following steps: Mission and Objectives What we want to become and what we aim to achieve. Principles The objectives and the commitments of the University that guide us. Environmental Scanning Factors like global, national and state contexts, education sector, various social and business trends, outcomes and gaps. Strategy Formulation- Strenghts to the opportunities identified and competetive advantage Strategy Implementation- Implementing: budget allocation, procedure. Evaluation and Control- Monitoring and Adjustments required. Developing the strategy would help the University to be acclaimed as International University recognised for innovative and original ideas and exploring and enriching those ideas to enrich individuals, their commitments and the environment. 1.2) Criteria for Reviewing Potential Options: In the delivery of the Universitys Vision, Mission and Aims, choices must be made on where to invest resources (including people, effort, money and infrastructure) to achieve strategic objectives and the associated benefits, and to minimise risk (Sue Hybart, 11 April 2006). The Universitys strategic planning cycle illustrates the process leading from setting strategic objective through option review to making choices upon which specific implementation plans are built. Establishing criterias for strategic investment looking across all areas of the University: Analysis of the System education and its implications Sustain national and international recognition for excellence and enterprise Promote ethical practice in education and research as an integral part of the University culture Maintain a leading research performance through outstanding scholarship,ground-breaking discovery, collaborative networks and commercialised outcomes. Strengthen and sustain a reputation for excellence in learning and teaching through innovation and quality student outcomes. Advance the Innovation Campus as a successful space for developing new ideas and applications through University-business partnerships Strengthen connections to the community through improved channels for interaction and mutually beneficial projects. According to Chan (1993), higher education institutions utilizing strategic planning have five characteristics: a shared and inspiring vision that defines an institutions identity and desired position in the marketplace; a well-done strategic framework that directs institutional energies and activities; an institutional commitment to enrich external environments throug manifesting its values; a widespread strategic thinking capability that prevails over a rigid, formal an centralized planning process; a supportive value system and climate that emphasizes participatory governance and empowers participants within the institution. Moreover there are certain key areas which need to be considered:- Assess the ease of realisation (closure of gap) based on: Distance between current position and aspiration, Investment (funding, time, and other resources) required to close gap on sustainable basis, consideration of market attractiveness and consideration of opportunity cost and risk assessment. Details of administrative support and link to the University. Modifications and support from the staff members. Working in collobatation for the university would act like as an useful tool and it would generate more help and a systemetic way of approach leading to better understanding of the management and their results and analysis. Moreover one of the important factor would be the involvement of the students in learning and their life at University. Moreover to achieve excellent, internationally recognised outcomes, the University should continue to focus more on promoting the ability, creativity, and commitment of the staff at the University. These criteria help in business and enterprise international outlook, and would help in learning and teaching research along with the practical experience and knowledge gained to students and the staff members. According to Mockler (1995) though strategy formulation is very central to understanding strategic management, it does not sufficiently provide a concrete direction for action. This can only be provided by strategy implementation. This view suggests that strategy implementation poses even more difficulties than strategy formulation. However, a basic framework can be derived to serve as a road map to strategy formulation (Mezias, Gringer and Gruth 2001; Hills and Jones 1995; Mockler 1995). 2) Vision, Mission, Objectives and Measures 2.1) PEST Analysis An environment in which the University operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors: Political: It would include various government regulations and legal issues and define various norms and rules under which University operates. It includes tax policies, employment benefits and laws, trade restrictions and tariffs, political coherence among the staff and the students and environmental regulations. Economic Factors: It would and affect the universitys cost allocation. Some key examples are economic growth, interest rates etc. Social Factors: Social factors includes the cultural and demographic aspects. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Some factors include health consiousness, career attituded of the students, age distribution and class strength. Business and Technology factors- They can be very important as they may run the other factors. They can lower the barrier to entry, reduce minimum efficcient production levels, including: R and D activity, rate of technology change atc. 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis: Swot analysis helps in matching the resources and the capabilities to the external world in this competetive era. As dicussed on (http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/swot/), a firms strenght are its resources and capabilities that can be used as a basis for developing a competetive advantage.Examples include, strong names, cost advantage, and exclusive access to high grade natural resources. It can be determoined by SWOT matrix which is a very good indicator of the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats (Bradford and Robert W. Duncan). 2.2 Vision and Mission: Starategy Management Plays into role if the Vision and the mission are defined within the constraints of the guidelines by the University and the Faculty. Vision- To become an international University that is recognised and known for originality, enterprise and its ethics in focussing, exploring, transfering and applying knowledge to enrich its students and the individuals, their communities and the environment. Mission- Our mission is to excel through Research and teaching of world-class innovative standard and impact,learning environment that supports, informs and inspires our diverse student community,Staff initiative, enthusiasm and commitment to the Universitys goals, Collaboration and enterprise that provide innovative and timely ideas and solutions for the University and its community partners (Mockler (1995)). University share a commitment to promoting and celebrating excellence through initiative, enterprise and achievements that take society forward in an intellectual way and the freedom for opinion. It is very important to maintain the integrity, mutual respect and collegiality among the University. Moreover Students from all over the world having different cultures, ideas should stand together for the development of the University. It is very important for the University to foresight the quality and accountability as an institution by mutual development and community partnership. Moreover equal monitoring plays a vital role where students from all over the world are studying. The University is commited to developing graduates who are informed, independent learners, problem solvers, effective communicators, and responsible towards the society and to themselves. 2.3) Objectives and Measures for evaluation: The university can and have set the goals and objectives as parameters for a progress towards the vision: 1. Excellence and innovation in learning and teaching Graduates equipped to contribute to society and the workplace An active, collaborative and flexible learning experience for students Quality programs relevant to the evolving needs of students and the community An international focus in learning and teaching High quality teaching 2. Excellence and innovation in research Research of high quality and impact at an international level Enhanced capacity to attract external grant funding Quality research student scholarship and training Strong partnerships with external organisations to achieve mutually beneficial research outcomes Enhanced capacity for commercial research and commercialisation of research outcomes 3. Dynamic engagement with our communities A University that is accessible, outward reaching and responsive to its communities Strong reciprocal relationships that enrich our communities Integration of community engagement in our academic activities Enhanced educational aspirations and higher education participation in our regions 4. Students engaged with learning and University life Students engaged as members of the University community Efficient and professional management of each phase of the student experience A social and physical environment where all students can participate in University life Effective communication between students and the University 5. A university of international outlook and achievement A community with a diverse and rewarding global perspective and culture A university of choice for international students International recognition for quality, standards and outcomes 6. Versatile, skilled and committed staff An adaptable workforce with skills aligned to strategic directions A supportive, rewarding and equitable work environment 7. Business capacity to advance the achievement of our Vision Decision-making based on sound planning, governance and quality processes Strategic deployment of resources and information A sustainable and reliable infrastructure Plan for the Implementation of the strategy In this section I would be decribing about all the 7 objectives mentioned in the last heading. Moreover I would be explaining the strategic priorities, key indicators of the performance and the plan which could help in the betterment of the University and its members. 3.1) Development and Creation of the strategy Goal 1 The University is committed to providing its diverse body of students with an engaging internationally oriented atmosphere and learning experience. The priority is to promote ethical education as a part of culture, maintaining the reputation of the University and ensuring that graduates and undergraduates are committed to their employers for their knowledge and skills attained at the University. Strategy Goal 1- University must integrate the development of Graduate into the curriculum at any level and standard. University should develop, focuss and implement institutional approaches for analysing the attainment of Graduate Qualities so that University can know what skills are their students gaining. University should continue to give priority to developing the capacity of students and embed the outcomes of the Academic Integrity Project. University must provide opportunities that equip students for employment in a global labour market. University should optimise the mix of delivery methods to enhance the learning experience of students across all teaching locations and facilities to provide a physical environment that is engaging, collaborative and flexible. An international focus would help them to develop their knowledge and skills lobally and would help them to compete in a larger scale. Key Indicators- Learning and Teaching Performance Student Perception Employer Perception International Recognition

Multimedia in the Palm of your Hand :: Technology Technological Papers

Multimedia in the Palm of your Hand Hand Held Video Games Hand held video games have been around since 1991 when Game Boy came out with the first hand held video game. When Game Boy hit the market it sold about fory eight million copies worldwide. Video game systems are a big part of are popular culture right now. We have seen many advances in the hand held video game industry since 1991. Game Boy has recently come out with a new colored Game Boy called Vitual Boy. The Virtual Boy uses two, tiny mirrored screens. Along with two screens they used two different colors, red and black, to produce a 3-D effect. This game console came out in the U.S. in 1995 but was not a success at all. Game Boy will now try again this year to build of their success in 1991. Nintendo is now coming out with Game Boy Advance. Game Boy Advance (also known as GBA), will be coming out this year and will sell for about $80-$90. You the consumer will have fifteen games to chose from which run for about$30-$40. You will also be able to use your old Game Boy games to play on the GBA. The GBA has fifty percent bigger screen and fifty percent better battery life. Nintendo says that the built in screen will have a sharper picture than the 64-bit consoles connected to a regular television. We are seeing Nintendo trying to build off their big success of the original Game Boy. Many people do not see Game Boy as a computer. Nintendo’s software company called Gametek has developed a program that you can take your Game Boy and turn it into a personal organizer, spell-checker, or even a travel guide. Sega which came out with the colored Game Gear system, also sell an attachment that will convert your Game Gear into a television . Music at Your Fingertips Portable MP3 players have come a long way in just a short period of time. Soon cassette and CD players will be considered as stone-age devices. Right now there are more than 50 different kinds of MP3 players ranging from simple to high-tech. Yet, the question that still remains is why are these players so popular?

Internal Corporate Communication Strategy

Therefore, the main objectives of the campaign are: To encourage all employee to be receptive to changes and new regulations within he East Coast and to be confident in implementing these changes. ; To promote a sense of social Identity within East Coast as a whole. To meet these objectives, the strategies put forward are: 1. To develop employee engagement, particularly in regards to changes in safety regulations, therefore dramatically decreasing the amount of accidents within 12 months. 2.To ensuring all internal corporate communications is company-wide and therefore cementing the East Coast social identity and removing the feeling of territory. 3. Promote awareness of the ‘EUREKA' changes recently undertaken by East Coast, ensuring all staff understand and feel comfortable acting on the new service within six months, with feedback opportunities during and after the changes. The tactic to Implement these strategies Includes a company-wide webbing and smaller meetings with a m ore focused discussion.It also recommends a company email network be arranged to make contact with all employees easier, as the current system Is dated and not efficient. Evaluation Includes feedback forms to monitor opinion and accident records to monitor and tangible changes. East Coast Main Line Company Limited Background East Cost Main Line Company limited (East Coast) is a train service provider that runs 1 55 train Journeys every weekday and has approximately 2,800 employees.The main train line runs from London up the Eastern side of the UK up to Edinburgh. (East Coast, AAA, p. 3) An owner of East Coast is a company named Directly Operated Railways, who are responsible for overseeing the activities of East Coast on behalf of the government. The structure of the organization Is hierarchical (see appendix 1) and contains a HRS manager and also a Head of Communications, both of whom would be Interested In the Internal corporate communication of East Coast.The 2011/2012 corporate objectives of East Coast are summarized as: ; To sustain and build on the successes IT 2 To make significant improvements in those areas where we need to -particularly in terms of operational safety; ; To place East Coast, amongst the best, if not second to none, within the Industry, in terms of safety. ‘ East Coast (2011, p. 3) These objectives appear vague and are not specific enough to show the real intent for East Coast during 2011/2012).The objectives do not say how the success will be measured and are not specific enough to East Coast; aside from the reference to feet, these objectives could apply to any organization. Sundry and Buck (1996, p. 43) explain that the more specific the objective, the easier it is for employees to understand what is expected of them and what they should be aiming at achieve, the East Coast objectives would be difficult for an employee to use for direction. For the year 2011/2012 East Coast Managing Director, Kate Boswell, has outlined 17 corp orate strategies for the organization to work towards (see appendix 2).This does not include the 27 other strategies that relate to specific areas within the business. Abram and Klein (2003, p. 1) state that a company's strategy should be able to be summed up in Just a few sentences and so the strategies set out by East Coast are possibly too extensive, though they are all specific, realistic, measurable, achievable and time- relevant and this is clearly explained in a small table that is given for each objective (see appendix 2). Newcomer (2010, up. 41-848) comments that the definition of a stakeholder now ‘extends well beyond the traditional concept of shareholders to include employees, suppliers, customers, trade unions, communities, etc. ‘ and by naming employees points out the importance of internal stakeholders. The three main internal stakeholders that East Coast should consider include: ; Board Members All employees Owners, including the government body ‘Di rectly Operated Railways' Currently East Coast has a quarterly internal magazine that is distributed.Messages and information is distributed by a printed letter being placed in each employee's tray at the main train station they work in, a relatively dated approach. Communication between depots and between different crews is limited as they do not currently have an opportunity to speak to one another. Before this campaign is implemented, search should be conducted to show a starting point to compare results at the end of the campaign. Research should include current opinion research of employees and accident records. Internal Corporate Communication Objectives Spirits and Swedes (2003, up. 0-71) outline the three basic aims of all internal communication; ensuring the information being communicated is understood, accepted by employees, with acceptance of the messages content, intent, relevance and merit; the majority of employees achieve the motivation, direction, information, or par ticipation intended by the message; and the aim of improving internal dialogue s achieved, which will then have a rippling effect on other areas of the business, such as product quality, sales, performance and, ultimately, customer satisfaction.This campaign will not consider any other area of internal communication, only Internal corporate communication. Internal corporate communication and its position among other internal communication areas is shown in the Internal Communication Matrix proposed by Welch (2007, up. 177-198) and gives possible internal corporate communication goals for an organization, such as to ‘promote awareness of its changing organization' and promote commitment to the organization' (see appendix 3). Internal corporate communication is concerned with communication to all employees from a top level.Throughout a welcome pack available on the East Coast website (2010), East Coast make regular references to the relationship they strive to create with staff. Page four states that they want to make East Coast a great place to work by keeping staff safe and encouraging employees to work as a team. On page five, four key values are outlined that all East Cast staff should aim to be. These are; be focused; be insistent; be human (placing people in the centre of the business); and be progressive.The board of East Coast also has an Employee Director to ensure that issues surrounding employees and employee communication are at a board room level (East Coast, Bibb, p. 5). Argentina (1996, p. 80) notes that organizations have ‘become more focused on retaining a happy workforce with changing values and different demographics, they have necessarily had to think more seriously about how they communicate with employees' and this is obviously something that East Coast has taken seriously.The objectives suggested for East Coast to ensure they work awards the corporate objectives of the organization (outlined on page 4), therefore ensuring inter nal communications is seen as a management function, are: sense of social identity within East Coast as a whole. Internal Corporate Communication Strategy A key theory for internal corporate communications is Media Richness Theory, especially in a large corporate such as East Coast. Media Richness is defined by Sock (2010 p. 0) saying ‘in this theory, different media are classified according to their degree of richness, which varies depending on the degree to which media incorporate certain characteristics. Four main characteristics define the richness of a medium, according to media richness theory. Two of them are the medium's ability to convey multiple communication tools (such as facial expression and intonations) and enable immediate feedback on the message being conveyed (a characteristic of synchronous communication). The other two†¦ Are the medium's support for language variety and personalization of the message. Daft and Lange (1986, p. 560), two of the main Medi a Richness theorists, give prominence to the first two characteristics, claiming the remaining to characteristics are related to the first two. Face-to-face communication is the richest type of communication, while communication such as email is seen as lean and as impersonal, though this is criticized by Sock (1999, p. 13-19), who states that the theory is too deterministic and technological development means Tanat email Ana toner electronic communication Is richer than assumed by the theory.However, this criticism was put forward by the Journal of Information Technology Impact and so may have a vested interest in encouraging the use of electronic media. East Coast may want to consider Media Features Theory (El Chainsaw and Markus, 1997) which found that people choose heir media dependent on its easiness of use and its effectiveness. This gives electronic media a prominent role in communication, especially in large organizations, where traditional media is no longer the norm.Media Features theory puts emphasis on modern media, which as seen as more appropriate within organizations as it is extremely time effective. However, Media Richness Theory would argue that though electronic media may be more time effective, it does not guarantee that the message will be seen by the target audience as many people do not read generic emails. East Coast should consider the level of media richness of different immunization channels when planning on implementing the recommended internal corporate communication strategies detailed below. 1.To develop employee engagement, particularly in regards to changes in safety regulations, therefore dramatically decreasing the amount of accidents within 12 months. Irishman (2011, p. 32) states that all strategies should be ‘SMART' (Specific, Measurable, Agreed upon, Realistic and Time relevant). This strategy is specific as it is outlines the main area where employee engagement is required, East Cost staff need to be interested in safety issues to ensure best practice is achieved. The amount of accidents is recorded and therefore the strategy is measurable, it will look at any changes that have occurred over the 12 month period.The strategy is agreed upon as it is related to a corporate objective and so it something that the whole organization is working towards. It is realistic as there are no tangible barriers; internal communicators have access to every member of staff to ensure the message reaches them all. The strategy is time relevant as a 12 month time guide is given. 2. To ensuring all internal corporate communications is company-wide and therefore meeting the East Coast social identity and removing the feeling of territory.This strategy aims to increases the social identity within East Coast. Information provided by Module Partner (2011) found that different depots all have their own social identity, and communication between different depots is limited. Seaports (1989, up. 20-39) explains that socia l identity is vital to ensure all staff feel part of the team. Currently different depots at East Coast receive their internal communication at different times, by unifying these and creating company-wide internal corporate miscommunication this will increase the sense of social identity. . Promote awareness of the ‘EUREKA' changes recently undertaken by East Coast, ensuring all staff understand and feel comfortable acting on the new service within six months, with feedback opportunities during and after the changes. This is SMART because it is specific to the new Eureka system that has recently been introduced at East Coast which involves a complete overhaul of the way the first class service is ran. The strategy is measurable as it states that there will be feedback opportunities to evaluate and measure the success of the communication.It is agreed upon as the EUREKA system NAS already Eden put Into place, tons strategy Is to ensure sat TTT are comfortable conducting the agr eed upon system. It is realistic as the internal corporate communication needed to fulfill this strategy will benefit the employees as it will assist them with implementing the new system. However it has proposed a change to the psychological contract, which, according to Welling (2007, p. 29) must be negotiated carefully to ensure staff does not feel they are not being asked to do more without receiving any compensation in return.The strategy is time relevant as it is even a six month guideline to have promoted the changes. Internal Corporate Communication Tactics Tactics used to implement these internal corporate communication strategies, and therefore achieve the internal corporate communication and corporate objectives, should consider Uses and Gratification Theory. Uses and Gratification theory is defined simply by Tenth and Yeoman's (2009, p. 225) as a theory focused on not what media do to audiences but what audience do with the media. It states that the audience use the medi a to meet their different needs, which can include to help fit in tit social groups (much like Social Identity Theory discussed previously), East Coast should aim to make their internal corporate communications a key part of the East Coast social identity. Possible tactics for East Coast to use to achieve their goals are detailed below. ; According to Media Richness Theory, face-to-face communication is the richest communication channel and so this should be the best practice to aim for.However, the style of the East Coast business means that employees work shifts, seven days a week and so it would not be appropriate to have a company-wide face- o-face meeting as it would disrupt normal service. However, as a strategy of this campaign is to reinforce social identity among employees, it would be hinder the aim to have different times for communication, especially as Fitzpatrick (2002, p. 60) says that a message should be available to all recipients simultaneously.Instead it is to be recommended that all staff are given an access code to an online Webbing' (an online seminar) to view a top company director outlining and discussing new changes in both safety and the EUREKA system, with comment thread available for staff to add their views and comment. This should then be followed up with smaller groups (maximum 50 people) being put together dependent on employees work schedule, ensuring that people from different depots are mixed in each group, and then holding more targeted sessions to go over these changes and discuss them in more detail.Currently staffs are told about meetings via a letter being put in their individual tray at their main train station, though discussions with the Module Partner (2011) found that these are often left unchecked for months at a time, and so it may be more efficient if staff email network was arranged to help implement all internal corporate communications. This would save time and cost and would ensure that all staff receives the message intended for them at the same time and makes other areas of internal communication simpler, therefore encouraging the East Coast social identity.In keeping with Media Features Theory also, it means that an efficient and easy to use communication channel is being used, email, as employees could access their emails from home. This should then be followed up with documents to reiterate the messages of the seminar and Webbing' and should also be discussed in the internal magazine. This help to fulfill the objectives and strategies laid out previously In tons report It takes people out IT tenet current social groups Walton ten organization and encourages them to mix with other members of staff.It helps employees feel confident in implementing the changes that have come with EUREKA and with the regularly updated safety regulations, therefore improving service and safety. This would set up a new format for internal corporate communication to be carried out, along with the internal magazine that is already in place. Internal Corporate Communication Evaluation Watson and Noble (2007, p. 39) detail the value of evaluation within planned communication, and say that it is important as it tells directors what is working and what is not, once again helping to cement communications as a management function.To evaluate this campaign, East Coast should ensure research is done before implementing the campaign to have a base to compare the results with. After the allotted time frame given in the strategy is complete final evaluation will have to be conducted (as well as continuous evaluation throughout to ensure any required changes are made). Feedback forms will be given to all employees to measure how nonevent people feel about the changes and to receive feedback on the communication in general so that any changes can be incorporated next time.The feedback forms should be multiple choice questions with room for comments also. This data can then be quantified to hopefu lly support the basis for the campaign. This should then be compared with research conducted at the start of the campaign to display any changes in opinion. Internal corporate communicators should also monitor the comments left on the webbing page and take into account any issues raised here. They should gather the information and monitor the opinion of the employees, which should be compared with the opinion research conducted at the beginning of the campaign.

Emotional Intelligence Ch. 3,7,11,13 Psychology Summaries

Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman Chapter 3: When Smart is Dumb Throughout this chapter Goleman argues that a person’s IQ has little to do with their success in life. For example, someone with extremely high SAT scores who parties his way through college could take ten years to finally get a degree whereas a person with mediocre scores but studies diligently in college will earn his degree in four years. Emotional intelligence can be very beneficial throughout life. With the ability to understand others and the outcomes of situations puts one in a better standing when it comes to facing the â€Å"vicissitudes of life† regardless of your academic standing. This chapter correlates well with our teachings in AP Psychology because it†¦show more content†¦One’s level of empathy is loosely related to SAT and IQ score, they are merely incidental. This furthers my knowledge when it comes to empathy because now I am able to realize the importance of listening to the signs of certain emotions arou nd me. Also, it proves that more academically sound people usually have less emotional intelligence which makes empathy on of their lesser traits. An empathetic person is very good at reading people. This correlates quite well with what I have learned about intelligence so far. Chapter 11: Mind and Medicine A lot of times we can cure ourselves from sicknesses. Well, say some scientists. This is called â€Å"attitude-will-cure-all† which is the notion that by oneself thinking happy thoughts, having a positive attitude or somehow blaming themselves for getting sick in the first place. This argument causes widespread confusion but on the other extreme there is another notion of illnesses. That medicine and emotions are two completely separate matters; one does not affect the other. Usually people think of medicine as curing the disease as they forget what illness is; patients experience with disease. By thinking this, one doesn’t think twice about their emotional state. Patients don’t believe that their attitude has nothing to do with their medical problems. Where in fact, the truth is probably somewhere in the middle which is why if we go to the doctor and he tells us how